CARA MEMBUAT CLOUD KONTEN SERVER DI DEBIAN
· Topologi

Setting ip interface
Default konfigurasi eth0 menggunakan IP DHCP :
Rubah menjadi :
Konfigurasi DNS Client Ubuntu 11.10 ke bawah :
Tambahkan :
Aktfikan IP Forward
Hapus # pada baris kode
Set IP TABLE, agar perintah iptables dijalankan pada saat booting
Tambahkan sebelum bari exit 0
1 | iptables –t nat –A POSTROUTING –o eth0 –j MASQUERADE |
·
Membuat DNS Dengan Zone GeoIP
membuat GeoIP yang akan mengelompokkan pengunjung menjadi
2 regional yang berbeda. Kita akan menggunakan domain yaitu it-center.net. skenarionya
adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Pengunjung dari Asia dan Australia
Pengunjung dari Asia (Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Japan,
Australia) akan kami arahkan ke server IIX di jakarta.
2. Pengunjung Selain Asia dan Australia
Pengunjung asia akan kita arahkan ke server german (Eropa). Dengan demikian
mereka akan mendapatkan speed loading yang optimal dibanding dengan server IIX.
Sebelum memulai itu semua, kita butuh Server DNS. di Ubuntu yang paling
banyak digunakan adalah BIND9. Sehingga langkah pertama yang harus kita lakukan
adalah install BIND9
·
Cara
Install BIND9
Siapkan server DNS
dengan RAM 512 atau 256MB yang sudah diinstall OS Ubuntu 16.04
atau Ubuntu 18.04
kemudian install BIND9 dengan perintah berikut:
apt-get install -y bind9
Setelah BIND9 terinstall, langkah berikutnya adalah
setting GeoDNS dengan
menggunakan GeoIP
·
Membuat
GeoDNS
Point utama disini
adalah GeoDNS, yaitu Domain
name server yang bisa mendeteksi lokasi pengunjung web. Untuk bisa mengetahui
dari mana asal pengunjung, kita perlu menggunakan GeoIP.
Anda bisa mendownload GeoIP di http://geoip.site/download/MaxMind/GeoIP.acl dan
menyimpannya di SERVER. Lakukan langkah berikut:
cd /etc/bind
wget https://geoip.site/download/MaxMind/GeoIP.acl
Karena IP selalu berkembang dan
mengalami penambahan, maka disarankan langkah di atas Anda lakukan secara rutin
setiap satu atau dua bulan sekali.
Anda bisa lihat isi
file GeoIP.acl sebagai berikut :
(cara melihat text file bisa dengan perintah cat yaitu
cat /etc/bind/GeoIP.acl
dan hasilnya adalah sebagai berikut:
acl "A1" {
64.46.32.0/23;
64.46.35.0/24;
64.46.40.64/26;
64.46.42.0/23;
64.46.47.0/24;
66.38.243.0/24;
67.15.183.0/25;
69.10.130.128/26;
69.10.139.0/25;
69.10.140.192/26;
...
acl "GB" {
2.6.190.56/29;
9.20.0.0/17;
12.129.72.32/29;
23.0.0.0/9;
25.0.0.0/8;
32.58.57.0/29;
32.58.58.0/28;
32.58.59.0/29;
32.60.34.96/27;
51.0.0.0/8;
...
A1, GB adalah kode negara pemilik IP
(Country Code). Untuk memudahkan Anda, berikut adalah Country code untuk
pembagian regional sesuai dengan GeoIP standard:
A1,"Anonymous Proxy"
A2,"Satellite Provider"
O1,"Other Country"
AD,"Andorra"
AE,"United Arab Emirates"
AF,"Afghanistan"
AG,"Antigua and Barbuda"
AI,"Anguilla"
AL,"Albania"
AM,"Armenia"
AO,"Angola"
AP,"Asia/Pacific Region"
AQ,"Antarctica"
AR,"Argentina"
AS,"American Samoa"
AT,"Austria"
AU,"Australia"
AW,"Aruba"
AX,"Aland Islands"
AZ,"Azerbaijan"
BA,"Bosnia and Herzegovina"
BB,"Barbados"
BD,"Bangladesh"
BE,"Belgium"
BF,"Burkina Faso"
BG,"Bulgaria"
BH,"Bahrain"
BI,"Burundi"
BJ,"Benin"
BL,"Saint Bartelemey"
BM,"Bermuda"
BN,"Brunei Darussalam"
BO,"Bolivia"
BQ,"Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba"
BR,"Brazil"
BS,"Bahamas"
BT,"Bhutan"
BV,"Bouvet Island"
BW,"Botswana"
BY,"Belarus"
BZ,"Belize"
CA,"Canada"
CC,"Cocos (Keeling) Islands"
CD,"Congo, The Democratic Republic of the"
CF,"Central African Republic"
CG,"Congo"
CH,"Switzerland"
CI,"Cote d'Ivoire"
CK,"Cook Islands"
CL,"Chile"
CM,"Cameroon"
CN,"China"
CO,"Colombia"
CR,"Costa Rica"
CU,"Cuba"
CV,"Cape Verde"
CW,"Curacao"
CX,"Christmas Island"
CY,"Cyprus"
CZ,"Czech Republic"
DE,"Germany"
DJ,"Djibouti"
DK,"Denmark"
DM,"Dominica"
DO,"Dominican Republic"
DZ,"Algeria"
EC,"Ecuador"
EE,"Estonia"
EG,"Egypt"
EH,"Western Sahara"
ER,"Eritrea"
ES,"Spain"
ET,"Ethiopia"
EU,"Europe"
FI,"Finland"
FJ,"Fiji"
FK,"Falkland Islands (Malvinas)"
FM,"Micronesia, Federated States of"
FO,"Faroe Islands"
FR,"France"
GA,"Gabon"
GB,"United Kingdom"
GD,"Grenada"
GE,"Georgia"
GF,"French Guiana"
GG,"Guernsey"
GH,"Ghana"
GI,"Gibraltar"
GL,"Greenland"
GM,"Gambia"
GN,"Guinea"
GP,"Guadeloupe"
GQ,"Equatorial Guinea"
GR,"Greece"
GS,"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"
GT,"Guatemala"
GU,"Guam"
GW,"Guinea-Bissau"
GY,"Guyana"
HK,"Hong Kong"
HM,"Heard Island and McDonald Islands"
HN,"Honduras"
HR,"Croatia"
HT,"Haiti"
HU,"Hungary"
ID,"Indonesia"
IE,"Ireland"
IL,"Israel"
IM,"Isle of Man"
IN,"India"
IO,"British Indian Ocean Territory"
IQ,"Iraq"
IR,"Iran, Islamic Republic of"
IS,"Iceland"
IT,"Italy"
JE,"Jersey"
JM,"Jamaica"
JO,"Jordan"
JP,"Japan"
KE,"Kenya"
KG,"Kyrgyzstan"
KH,"Cambodia"
KI,"Kiribati"
KM,"Comoros"
KN,"Saint Kitts and Nevis"
KP,"Korea, Democratic People's Republic of"
KR,"Korea, Republic of"
KW,"Kuwait"
KY,"Cayman Islands"
KZ,"Kazakhstan"
LA,"Lao People's Democratic Republic"
LB,"Lebanon"
LC,"Saint Lucia"
LI,"Liechtenstein"
LK,"Sri Lanka"
LR,"Liberia"
LS,"Lesotho"
LT,"Lithuania"
LU,"Luxembourg"
LV,"Latvia"
LY,"Libyan Arab Jamahiriya"
MA,"Morocco"
MC,"Monaco"
MD,"Moldova, Republic of"
ME,"Montenegro"
MF,"Saint Martin"
MG,"Madagascar"
MH,"Marshall Islands"
MK,"Macedonia"
ML,"Mali"
MM,"Myanmar"
MN,"Mongolia"
MO,"Macao"
MP,"Northern Mariana Islands"
MQ,"Martinique"
MR,"Mauritania"
MS,"Montserrat"
MT,"Malta"
MU,"Mauritius"
MV,"Maldives"
MW,"Malawi"
MX,"Mexico"
MY,"Malaysia"
MZ,"Mozambique"
NA,"Namibia"
NC,"New Caledonia"
NE,"Niger"
NF,"Norfolk Island"
NG,"Nigeria"
NI,"Nicaragua"
NL,"Netherlands"
NO,"Norway"
NP,"Nepal"
NR,"Nauru"
NU,"Niue"
NZ,"New Zealand"
OM,"Oman"
PA,"Panama"
PE,"Peru"
PF,"French Polynesia"
PG,"Papua New Guinea"
PH,"Philippines"
PK,"Pakistan"
PL,"Poland"
PM,"Saint Pierre and Miquelon"
PN,"Pitcairn"
PR,"Puerto Rico"
PS,"Palestinian Territory"
PT,"Portugal"
PW,"Palau"
PY,"Paraguay"
QA,"Qatar"
RE,"Reunion"
RO,"Romania"
RS,"Serbia"
RU,"Russian Federation"
RW,"Rwanda"
SA,"Saudi Arabia"
SB,"Solomon Islands"
SC,"Seychelles"
SD,"Sudan"
SE,"Sweden"
SG,"Singapore"
SH,"Saint Helena"
SI,"Slovenia"
SJ,"Svalbard and Jan Mayen"
SK,"Slovakia"
SL,"Sierra Leone"
SM,"San Marino"
SN,"Senegal"
SO,"Somalia"
SR,"Suriname"
SS,"South Sudan"
ST,"Sao Tome and Principe"
SV,"El Salvador"
SX,"Sint Maarten"
SY,"Syrian Arab Republic"
SZ,"Swaziland"
TC,"Turks and Caicos Islands"
TD,"Chad"
TF,"French Southern Territories"
TG,"Togo"
TH,"Thailand"
TJ,"Tajikistan"
TK,"Tokelau"
TL,"Timor-Leste"
TM,"Turkmenistan"
TN,"Tunisia"
TO,"Tonga"
TR,"Turkey"
TT,"Trinidad and Tobago"
TV,"Tuvalu"
TW,"Taiwan"
TZ,"Tanzania, United Republic of"
UA,"Ukraine"
UG,"Uganda"
UM,"United States Minor Outlying Islands"
US,"United States"
UY,"Uruguay"
UZ,"Uzbekistan"
VA,"Holy See (Vatican City State)"
VC,"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"
VE,"Venezuela"
VG,"Virgin Islands, British"
VI,"Virgin Islands, U.S."
VN,"Vietnam"
VU,"Vanuatu"
WF,"Wallis and Futuna"
WS,"Samoa"
YE,"Yemen"
YT,"Mayotte"
ZA,"South Africa"
ZM,"Zambia"
ZW,"Zimbabwe"
·
Konfigurasi
BIND9 untuk GeoDNS
untuk
bisa membuat GeoDNS dengan BIND9, tambahkan baris berikut di /etc/bind/named.conf :
include "/etc/bind/GeoIP.acl";
sehingga isi dari
/etc/bind/named.conf menjadi:
// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named.
//
// Please read /usr/share/doc/bind9/README.Debian.gz for information on the
// structure of BIND configuration files in Debian, *BEFORE* you
customize
// this configuration file.
//
// If you are just adding zones, please do that in /etc/bind/named.conf.local
include "/etc/bind/GeoIP.acl";
include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options";
include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";
include "/etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones";
setelah itu edit file
/etc/bind/named.conf.local
//
// Do any local configuration here
//
// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in
your
// organization
//include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918";
view "asia" {
match-clients { SG; MY; BN; HK; KP; KR; PH; TH; CN; AU; JP;};
recursion no;
zone " it-center.net" {
type
master;
file
"/etc/bind/asia- it-center.net.db";
};
};
view "negara-lain" {
match-clients { any; };
recursion
no;
zone " it-center.net" {
type
master;
file
"/etc/bind/de- it-center.net.db";
};
};
Setelah itu, edit pula
named.conf.default-zones dan tambahkan di awal baris:
view "default" {
match-clients { any; };
recursion
no;
dan di akhir baris
tambahkan penutup };
sehingga isi
file named.conf.default-zones adalah sebagai berikut:
view "default" {
match-clients { any; };
recursion
no;
// prime the server with knowledge of the root servers
zone "." {
type hint;
file "/etc/bind/db.root";
};
// be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones,
and for
// broadcast zones as per RFC 1912
zone "localhost" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/db.local";
};
zone "127.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/db.127";
};
zone "0.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/db.0";
};
zone "255.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/db.255";
};
};
Buat zone untuk masing-masing region.
gunakan perintah nano atau vim untuk membuat zone.
nano /etc/bind/asia- it-center.net.db
Isi dari zone /etc/bind/asia- it-center.net.db adalah:
; Zone file for it-center.net
$TTL 14400
it-center.net. 86400
IN SOA cdn1.bestariwebhost.com. support.bestariwebhost.com. (
2019060306
;Serial Number
3600 ;refresh
1800 ;retry
1209600 ;expire
86400
;minimum
)
it-center.net. 86400
IN NS cdn1.bestariwebhost.com.
it-center.net. 86400
IN NS cdn2.bestariwebhost.com.
it-center.net. 14400
IN A 45.64.99.226
it-center.net. 14400
IN MX 0
mx.bestariwebhost.com.
mail 14400 IN
CNAME it-center.net.
www 14400 IN
CNAME it-center.net.
Kemudian buat
Zone /etc/bind/de- it-center.net.db dengan isi sebagai berikut:
; Zone file for it-center.net
$TTL 14400
it-center.net. 86400
IN SOA cdn1.bestariwebhost.com. support.bestariwebhost.com. (
2019060306 ;Serial Number
3600 ;refresh
1800 ;retry
1209600 ;expire
86400 ;minimum
)
it-center.net. 86400
IN NS cdn1.bestariwebhost.com.
it-center.net. 86400
IN NS cdn2.bestariwebhost.com.
it-center.net. 14400
IN A
85.114.138.250
it-center.net. 14400
IN MX 0
mx.bestariwebhost.com.
mail 14400 IN
CNAME it-center.net.
www 14400 IN
CNAME it-center.net.
Perhatikan bahwa A
record untuk kedua zone antara /etc/bind/asia- it-center.net.db dan /etc/bind/de- it-center.net.db berbeda.
Setalah anda membuat zone, Pastikan permission file di 644, dengan cara
chmod 644 /etc/bind/*- it-center.net.db
setelah itu
restart BIND9 dengan perintah berikut:
service bind9 restart
check hasilnya di whatsmydns.net
Silahkan edit kembali file /etc/bind/named.conf.local untuk pembagian regional yang
lebih presisi, dan jangan lupa untuk restart BIND9 setiap anda selesai melakukan editing
regional.
Sekarang anda hanya perlu menambahkan beberaapa aplikasi seperti mail server, owncloud dan semacamnya. Semoga bermanfaat
Kurang jelas
BalasHapusIni pake VPS atau server fisik??